NGO

Our constitution emphasis on the promotion of social justice,gender inequity,inclusion of citizen's awareness,empowerment,improvement of life along with the economic process.NGOs are the operational arm of government along with the civil society.
                                            In the sixth five year plan,government identified the new areas in which NGOs as a new sector can participate.Seventh five year plan envisage the more active role for the NGOs.In the eight five year plan a chain of NGO sought to be created.In the eleventh five year plan national policy on voluntary sector is endorsed.In this policy government promote the voluntary sector without the much interference and to support the small and voluntary NGOs.
                                            In india NGOs starts from 1839.India has a long history of civil society based on the concept of  "dharma and seva".There were many such societies like prathna smaj,arya samaj etc. It  was 1970s which saw the rapid growth in the formation of registered NGOs.Most of the NGOs were created on the basis of community,health,education,housing,human right,women right etc.Many NGOs tried hard to include the children with disabilities in the school,end class based discrimination ,prevent child labour,promote gender equality,equal wages for all.During natural calamities like earthquakes several NGOs worked together for the rehabilitation ,health of the affected people.Several NGOs worked with hand to hand with government like right to education,national rural healh mission.these laws and schemes are implementing with the help of NGOs.NGOs are also implementing the program like "jeewan dhara",nirmal gram,national rural insurance mission.NGOs successfully influenced the development of laws and policies on several important issues like RTI,anti trafficking,wildlife conservation,women rigth etc.According to the study the largest number of NGOs are in ,maharastra followed by andhra pradesh.
                                             According tho the world bank" NGO is a private organization that pursues that pursues activities to relieve suffering,promote the interest of poor,protect the environment,provide basic social services ".In other words NGOs are "non state,non profit group who pursue purpose of public interest".
                                         The benefits of NGOs are manifold.As india is a large country with huge population.So,practically  it is difficult for the government to take care of all the activities ,country definitely need the help of NGOs.NGOs can proved to be pro poor and game changer if they work actively.

Jammu and Kashmir interlocutor's report

A three member panel by Dileep Padganoker,Radha kumari and  former IT commissioner M.M. Ansari submitted their report on the current status of Jammu and Kashmir and  suggestions for improvement of condition in j&k.Main points of this report are:

*to set up autonomous regional to ensure the development of three region of  Jammu and Kashmir i.e.,jammu,kashmir and ladakh.

*withdrawl of AFPSA from state in phased manner


*gradual withdraw of disturbed area act of kashmir valley.


*to implement 73rd and 74th amendments of constitution .


*trade between the pok and kashmir.

NUCLEAR ENERGY:"GATEWAY TO PROSPEROUS FUTURE FOR INDIA""

"Nuclear energy is the gateway to prosperous future" Dr. A.P.J. Abdul kalam.
                                                    This signifies the importance of nuclear energy fullfilling the growing needs of growing population.It is predicted that the electricity demand will grow from current 150,000MW to 950,000MW by year 2030.Nuclear energy is defined as the inexhaustible energy derived from the nucleus of an atom.This energy is more powerful then our conventional resources like coal,petroleum etc.According to the report of IAEC(International Atomic Energy Agency) on thorium fuel indicates that india might have the highest reservoir of thorium which is supposed to be the future of nuclear energy instead of uranium and thorium will produce the 8 time more energy then uranium,produce less radioactive waste.So, nuclear energy has a great future in india and for india.
                                                   This energy is new to india but used in the international scenario from the past long time.This energy was found by William Rontgen in 1898,first nuclear plant was opened  in USSR.Most of the prosperous nation extracting about 30-40% of their power from the nuclear power where india is not even generating even 5000MW.Today there are 29 countries operating 441 nuclear power plants with capacity of 375GW,sixty more units with a target of 58GW are under construction.
                                                   But there is still anti nuclear thought prevailing in our mind.what happened in Chernobyl(Mexico) in 1986,what happened in Heroshima and Nagashaki ,what happened in Fukushima forces us  to criticise the use of this energy and in this situation Germany decided to phase out its nuclear programme.So,first we have to clear the doubts of our mind regarding these examples.Firstly,Germany decided to phase out the its nuclear programme  because  Germany has completely exhausted its uranium resources and nuclear energy never fits in the future plan of Germany,while india on the  other hand is the leader of new resource of nuclear fuel called thorium.Secondly,Chernobyl disaster of 1986 showed how much of progress we have achieved in nuclear energy management over a period of two and half decade and it was all because of some human error.Thirdly, in Fukushima there were extraordinary natural forces in action-rare occurence of  tsunami.but we also have to see that there are 3-4 failures of this technology and we cant think of disbanding this process.Moreover the alternative cost of this technology is also very high  .we can use solar energy,wind energy but these are very unpredictable sources of energy.So,we left with fossil fuel for power generation method.IPCC estimated that 26% of emission of carbon dioxide directly due to the generation of electricity.and moreover fossil fuels are fast depleting.
                                          

                           In india there are some issues on safety of 2000MW kundakulam nuclear plant.so,for  safety following measures has to be taken.-
1.stuctural integrity safety:structure of plant has been made with the highest safety standards which is made against the tsunami and strong earthquake.in fukushima one of the primary reason for structural collapse was the explosion of hydrogen which got out of control.to counter this kundakulam plant has installed with 154 hydrogen recombiner across the plant which can absorb any leaked hydrogen and prevent any structural damage.
2.thermal hydraulic safety:the most advanced feature in the kundakulam plant is the installation of passive heat  removal system,which is the latest technology to ensure that the rapid cooling of reactor.
3.nuclear safety:in the nuclear plant the most inportant cause  of failure can be the loss of ability to control rods.beside this ,kundakulam plant implemented latest technology in domain-the core catcher.this is basically an  underlying structure with Gadolium oxide which could "catch the neutron" in case of high meltdown.
4.waste management:this is myth that nuclear waste is dumped in to oceans and which kill the marine life and contaminates the water.now recycle technique is used which completely dissolve the waste.
                                             So,we just have to change our antinuclear mind and overwhelmly welcome the new era of power  generation i.e. nuclear energy.which would help us to become energy sufficient ,reduce the CO2 emission,fullfill our  energy demands.Nuclear energy is the gateway of our prosperity.

stop criticising the "GOD OF CRICKET:SACHIN TENDUL...

stop criticising the "GOD OF CRICKET:SACHIN TENDUL...: Now a days there is fashion of criticising the corner stone of indian cricket  "sachin tendulkar".irony of the criticism is this that it is...

The Most Comprehensive Analysis of Prelims 2012 with Cut-off - IAS ...

General study

 last year general study paper was more  focussed  on economy,geography and enviornment questions this year UPSC adopted a more balanced approach and questions from history ,polity and general  science  were asked in plenty;lot of people  start saying that history and polity loosing there colors in this exam .but this year paper stressed more on these subjects.this paper seems quiet easy in first view but when you go for answers then due to the presence of multiple answers in most of the questions it hamper the simple nature of exam .
 here is complete analysis of the topics of exam:

Topic	No. of Questions	Marks
G.K	14	28
Current Affairs	6	12
History	19	38
Polity	17	34
General Science	16	32
Geography	8	16
Environment and Ecology	10	20
Economy	10	20
TOTAL	100	200

As you can see from the table above,in this year there is less focus on the current years questions which mainly dominate the UPSC-mains.candidates normally prepare for the history and polity well but due to the multiple answer it will affects there expected marks.

CSAT

CSAT  was quite easy, although lengthy.there were only 3-4 questions of mathematics .many students prepared hard for  the maths ,but this was complete shock for them.but overall due to the presence of logical reasoning questions ,decision making(no body can be 100% sure which ans is right),10 smalll english comprehension this paper was easy and scoring too

Expected Prelims 2012 Cut Off

i think most of the people guessing that the cut off will be more then 220 but i think it will be n 80+115=195marks out of 400. In fact, I predict the cut-off marks will be in the range of 190-205 marks simply because of the easy nature of paper 2 and tricky answer  of paper 1.

so, friends share your experience   of your exam and your idea about cut off.